Creating complex formulas is usually associated with the use of built-in logical functions in MS Excel .
Table . Logical Functions in MS Excel
| Function (Russian) | Function (English) | Description |
| ЕСЛИ(логич_выражение; значение_если_истина; значение_если_ложь) | IF() | Logical branching (up to 64 nestings allowed): logical_expression — any value or expression returning TRUE or FALSE; value_if_true — the value returned if the logical expression is TRUE; value_if_false — the value returned if the logical expression is FALSE. |
| И(логич_значение1; логич_значение2; …) | AND() | Logical multiplication: returns TRUE if all arguments are TRUE; returns FALSE if at least one argument is FALSE. |
| ИЛИ(логич_значение1; логич_значение2; …) | OR() | Logical addition: returns TRUE if at least one argument is TRUE; returns FALSE if all arguments are FALSE. |
| НЕ(логич_значение) | NOT() | Logical negation: reverses the logical value of its argument. |
Let’s take a closer look at the logical function IF():
=IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)
This expression can be extended by nesting another IF() function inside the last argument:
=IF(condition1, value_if_true1, IF(condition2, value_if_true2, IF(condition3, value_if_true3, value_if_false)))
NOTE
As mentioned earlier, formulas can be copied and moved. However, keep in mind that relative references contained in formulas will change accordingly. Moving formulas is a rather risky operation, so caution is required.
To avoid issues, it is recommended to assign names to cells, since names always refer to the same values regardless of where or how they are moved.?